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Mathematics

Mathematicians find odd shapes that roll like a wheel in any dimension

Not content with shapes in two or three dimensions, mathematicians like to explore objects in any number of spatial dimensions. Now they have discovered shapes of constant width in any dimension, which roll like a wheel despite not being round

By Alex Wilkins

17 June 2024

A 3D shape of constant width as seen from three different angles. The middle view resembles a 2D Reuleaux triangle

Andriy Prymak et al. 2024/SageMath/Danylo Radchenko

Mathematicians have reinvented the wheel with the discovery of shapes that can roll smoothly when sandwiched between two surfaces, even in four, five or any higher number of spatial dimensions. The finding answers a question that researchers have been puzzling over for decades.

Such objects are known as shapes of constant width, and the most familiar in two and…

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