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From Pearl Jam to Dolly Parton, how musicians' tempos change over time

The tempo of the songs released by artists changes as they age, according to a study of more than 200 musicians with careers spanning over 20 years

By Michael Le Page

22 July 2024

The band Pearl Jam playing in Barcelona, Spain, earlier this month

The band Pearl Jam playing in Barcelona earlier this month

Kike Rincon/Europa Press via Getty Images

The tempo of songs released by many popular musicians increases until they are in their early 30s and then steadily declines, falling below their teenage level when they reach their 50s.

“We saw this very clear downward trend,” says Geoff Luck at the University of Jyväskylä in Finland. “We are confident that tempo really does decline over the lifespan.”

The number of beats per minute, or the tempo, is a key property of music that can be used to convey different emotions,…

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